Diseases & conditions A-Z List
Diseases & Conditions A-Z List - «C»:
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Cor pulmonale
Cor pulmonale is failure of the right side of the heart brought on by long-term high blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle of the heart.
Causes
Normally, the left side of the heart produces a higher blood pressure in order to pump blood to the body. The right side of the hear...
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Cord blood testing
Cord blood refers to a sample of blood collected from the umbilical cord when a baby is born. The umbilical cord is the cord connecting the baby to the mother's womb.
This article focuses on cord blood testing done to evaluate a newborn's health.
How the Test is Performed
Immediately after the birt...
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Corneal injury
Corneal injury describes an injury to the cornea. The cornea is the crystal clear (transparent) tissue covering the front of the eye. It works with the lens of the eye to focus images on the retina.
See also: Corneal ulcers and infections
Causes
Injuries to the cornea are common.
Injuries to the o...
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Corneal transplant
The cornea is the clear layer on the front of the eye. A corneal transplant is surgery to replace the cornea with tissue from a donor. It is one of the most common transplants done.
Description
You will probably be awake during the transplant. Local anesthesia (numbing medicine) will be injected ar...
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Corneal transplant - discharge
You had a corneal transplant to replace your cornea (the clear surface on the front of your eye) with tissue from a donor. During your surgery, your surgeon removed a small round piece of your cornea. Then the donated cornea was sewn onto the opening of your eye.
Your doctor probably injected medici...
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Corneal ulcers and infections
The cornea is the clear (transparent) tissue at the front of the eye. A corneal ulcer is an erosion or open sore in the outer layer of the cornea. It is often caused by infection.
See also: Corneal injury
Causes
Corneal ulcers are most commonly caused by an infection with bacteria, viruses, fungi,...
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Corns and calluses
Corns and calluses are thickened layers of skin caused by repeated pressure or friction.
Causes
Corns and calluses are caused by pressure or friction on skin. A corn is thickened skin on the top or side of a toe, usually from shoes that do not fit properly. A callus is thickened skin on your hands ...
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Coronary angiography
Coronary angiography is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-rays to see how blood flows through your heart.
How the Test is Performed
Coronary angiography is usually done along with cardiac catheterization.
Before the test starts, you will be given a mild sedative to help...
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Coronary artery fistula
Coronary artery fistula is an abnormal connection between one of the coronary arteries and a heart chamber or another blood vessel. The coronary arteries are blood vessels that bring oxygen-rich blood to the heart.
Fistula means abnormal connection.
Causes
A coronary artery fistula is often congeni...
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Coronary artery spasm
Coronary artery spasm is a temporary, sudden narrowing of one of the coronary arteries (the arteries that supply blood to the heart). The spasm slows or stops blood flow through the artery and starves part of the heart of oxygen-rich blood.
Causes
The spasm often occurs in coronary arteries that ha...
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Coronary heart disease
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is a narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart. CHD is also called coronary artery disease.
See also:
Angina
Heart attack
Stress test
Unstable angina
Causes
Coronary heart disease is usually caused by a condition called ath...
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Coronary risk profile
A coronary risk profile is a battery of blood tests to measure your cholesterol and triglyceride levels. The profile can help determine your risk for heart disease.
How the Test is Performed
Blood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site...
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Corticosteroids overdose
Corticosteroids are a type of anti-inflammatory medicine. Corticosteroid overdose occurs when someone accidentally or intentionally takes more than the normal or recommended amount of this medication.
Corticosteroids come in many forms, including:
Creams and ointments that are applied to the skin
I...
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Cortisol - urine
A cortisol urine test measures the amount of the steroid hormone cortisol in the urine.
How the Test is Performed
A 24-hour urine sample is needed. The health care provider will instruct you, if necessary, to stop taking drugs that may affect the test.
On day 1, urinate into the toilet when you ge...
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Cortisol level
A cortisol level is a blood test that measures the amount of cortisol, a steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex.
How the Test is Performed
Blood is typically drawn from a vein, usually from the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. The site is cleaned with germ-killing medicine (anti...
